CID Course Principles

The distinctive feature of the course is that the education of children is based on the principles and methods of the Theory of Invention Problem Solving (further on called TRIZ). The program of the CID course also employs some other non-algorithmic methods of idea generation and some principles of neurolinguistic programming (further on called NLP), which provides efficient development of the child's imagination. The program is based on the following principles.

1. Dialectic principle. This principle is ensured by training on the TRIZ basis. Any problem occurring in a system is solved in the context of objective laws of its development.



2. Principle of training "on the method level" (teaching methods of action). The subject of CID is not information about the structure and properties of specific systems, but models and principles applicable to any system (engineering, biological, art, etc.).



3. Principle of transfer to a new cycle. New notions and tools are introduced as a result of the following chain of actions: initial model ' collecting a pool of additional information ' revealing non-compliance between the initial model and new examples (contradictions in a model) ' resolving a contradiction, transfer to a new model…. The work within the framework of the CID course differs from that in the Elkonin-Davydov programs by a greater attention paid to the stage of collecting a pool of information, as well as by a higher degree of freedom and independence of pupils at this stage. It is supposed that second-grade children approach this algorithm. This algorithm should be assimilated and perceived by the moment children transfer to the medium stage.



4. Principle of productive output. Any creative work ends with obtaining a meaningful product: solving a problem, creating a riddle or a fairytale, etc.



5. Principle of CREATIVE approach to training in creativity. This means that children independently re-discover many principles and models as a result of especially organized training work.



6. Principle of regular reproduction of tasks (training principle). The main operations (system transfers, resolving contradictions, evaluation of objects, classifying, etc.) are practiced in training games, which are repeated during the entire training time.



7. Feedback principle. Though it is generally assumed that CID in the elementary school is a subject that improves the faculties of the mind (this in fact means that a teacher is not responsible for the training results), it is necessary to control the work result through the answers of children provided by the program of test tasks, and, above all, through the evaluation of creative products.



8. Principle of a single conceptual apparatus. Concepts and models introduced during the training process should pass throughout the entire CID course and further on, at the medium stage, through the TRIZ course and can be efficiently used in other subjects.

Scheduling Training Material

1. The TRIZ tool line (tool line). It is the linchpin of the course. This task includes introduction and drill of concepts, principles, and models (further on called the TRIZ tools or just tools), which makes possible solution of big classes of problems based on the laws of existence and development of systems. Development of such essential thinking qualities as system character, consistency, sensitivity to contradictions and ability to solve them, performed in this course by the TRIZ tools, is envisaged just in this line.



2. Perception - notion - imagination line (further on called the imagination line). It provides opening of perception channels, training of different kinds of memory, ability to create and preserve bright and lively images and actually paves the way for a successful work of principles and methods obtained as a result of studying the TRIZ tools.



3. Information (knowledge) line. It provides a student with information on the object properties and structure necessary for the use of the creative tools. The body of compulsory information in the CID course is minimal, necessary for making the subject self-contained. Note: the subject of the CID course is the tools for solving creative problems and preparation of children for learning and using this course. The resources of specific systems are the subject of other training courses. However, it is planned within the framework of this course that children collect their own information banks - their first steps in the work with information pools.



4. Productive line. Here, it is planned to teach specific algorithms of obtaining creative products. This section includes algorithms of synthesis of riddles and proverbs, creation of a shooting sheet and games, drawing from imagination, such non-algorithmic methods of obtaining new ideas as morphological analysis and method of focal objects.

Interaction of CID with other courses

Created as a chain of training (i.e. problem) tasks, the training courses in the Elkonin-Davydov system imply the ability of children to solve problems, however they do not have methods for teaching this ability to them. Introducing CID will make it possible to eliminate this disadvantage. Moreover, to the author's opinion, supported by a number of Davydov system adherents, the notion apparatus and CID course models are quite universal and can be quite efficiently used at other lessons as a single inter-subject language.

As to the traditional training system, especially in classes with authoritarian teaching style, the CID methods will strongly contradict the general teaching atmosphere and the question of advantage of including this course in the academic curriculum is arguable.

Currently, I.N.Murashskovska is working on the program of "the outworld" and nature study based on the TRIZ-CID for elementary school. There are already such programs as "The Human World", "The Fancy World", "The Logic World" by S.I.Gin with the use the CID elements. Available are also considerable materials on the speech development course (13, 18), some materials appear on the use of the CID elements at reading lessons (21). I hope this process will continue turning CID into an intersubject language for describing and changing systems.

Forms of conducting a CID lesson

Organization and conditions of CID teaching TIME DISTRIBUTION

SIZE OF A GROUP

EVALUATING THE PUPIL'S WORK

1. The work without marks aimed at cognitive interests and creative output is obviously the most effective. At a good CID lesson, both the teacher and children forget about marks.



2. To do without marks at all is relatively easy in classes where the Zankov or Filyakyna systems are employed (where no marks are used even with basic subjects), in good "Davydov" classes, as well as in small-size groups of children where creative work of each child can be publicly discussed in detail. In practice, in authoritarian classes a teacher of a certain subject has sometimes to choose between the presence of marks and the absence of labor discipline. Don't disapprove him if he chooses discipline.



3. The teacher can give a bad mark in CID in one case only: absence of work or demonstrative negligence while doing it. In other cases, the teacher will have either evaluate the children's work according to a double-mark system ("4" or "5") or invent his own system of marks and incentives. The latter approach, as a creative one, is certainly preferable for evaluating creative work.

DISCIPLINE AT CID LESSONS

1. Authoritarian discipline, pressure discipline at CID lessons is just impossible: under such conditions the lesson has no sense.



2. Immediately establish the rules of a game (better together with children) and strictly observe them. However, do not introduce too hard-and-fast rules: you will run the danger of breaking them carried along by the work. Try to make the lesson interesting so as to make "elimination" from work (game, inquiry) itself an adequate punishment.



3. Watch the dynamics of the lesson: alternate types of work, switch over the children's attention from one type of work to another using corresponding games.



4. A special problem is inactive children. They do not participate in the lesson. Most of them are originally in fear facing open problem tasks. Such children generally start working if attention is paid to them and they are praised even for their minute successes.



5. To bend the class to the teacher's will is not the most complicated task. A far more serious problem is to teach a child, who is afire with enthusiasm for his own idea, to hear and perceive what his classmates say. In tasks, which suggest short multi-version answers, it is useful to establish a rule: one can express his/her opinion only after repeating the answer of a previous pupil. A more restricted solution for CID is tasks "closing" the answers of children with one another or in chains (they are described in the programs for the 2nd and 3rd grades). Besides, your ability to listen to a child with great understanding will rub off on the entire class.



6. And notå: the teacher may, of course, disturb the understanding between himself and a pupil, but this will hardly help the pupil to achieve success.

TRAINING A CID TEACHER

PROGRAM SOURCES